A bunion is a common foot deformity that affects the joint at the base of the big toe. As the condition develops, the big toe gradually shifts toward the smaller toes, while the joint moves outward. This can create a visible bump along the inside of the foot. Bunions may develop slowly and become more noticeable over time. Some people have mild bunions without pain, while others experience ongoing discomfort that affects walking and footwear choices.

Common bunion symptoms include pain around the big toe joint, swelling, and tenderness. The affected joint may also become stiff, making it harder to move the big toe normally. Shoes can rub against the bunion and cause irritation or calluses. Risk factors include family history, foot structure, and previous foot injuries. Wearing narrow or poorly-fitting shoes may increase pressure on the toes. Activities that repeatedly place stress on the forefoot can also contribute to symptoms.

The exact cause of bunions can vary from person to person. Inherited foot structure may influence how pressure moves across the foot while walking. Some people naturally have an alignment that makes bunion development more likely. Arthritis can affect joint movement and contribute to changes in alignment. A chiropodist can examine the foot and determine whether a bunion is present. X-rays may be used to evaluate bone alignment and understand the severity of the deformity.

Treatment depends on symptoms and how much the bunion affects daily activities. A chiropodist may recommend wider footwear, protective padding, or activity changes to reduce pressure. More advanced cases may require additional treatment when pain continues despite conservative care. Early evaluation can help identify contributing factors and prevent unnecessary discomfort. If you have a bunion that causes pain or affects your ability to walk comfortably, it is suggested that you consult a chiropodist to explore effective relief and management solutions.

Bunions progressively worsen over time and may cause walking in your shoes to become difficult. To learn more about bunions, please consult with Cynthia Chan, B.Sc., D.Ch from Healthy Advantage Foot & Orthotic Clinic. Our practitioner will assess your condition and provide you with quality foot and ankle treatment. 

What Are Bunions? 

A bunion is a bony bump that protrudes from the base of the big toe. Bunions are caused due to a misalignment of the first metatarsal. The characteristic bump of a bunion forms when the metatarsal shifts outwards from its proper position. Bunions develop slowly over time and progressively worsen without treatment. The skin over the bunion may develop calluses due to the friction from shoes. Eventually, a bunion can make walking uncomfortable or even painful. Bunions are one of the most common foot deformities and are especially common in women and older adults.

Symptoms

A bunion appears as a bulging bump on the outside of the base of the big toe.

The bunion may also: 

• Be swollen, red, or sore
• Develop corns or calluses over it
• Cause pain
• Limit the big toe’s range of motion

Treatment

There are several different treatments available for bunions. Conservative treatment options include wearing shoes with a wider toe box, cushioning the bunion with a specialized pad, wearing shoe inserts, icing the bunion if it becomes inflamed, and taking medications to relieve pain. In more severe cases, more invasive procedures may be done. This may involve removing the swollen tissue around the bunion, straightening the big toe, realigning the bones at the front of the foot, or a combination of these procedures. 

If you have any questions please feel free to contact our office located in Scarborough, ON .